Formations Blog – Formations

Your Tax Return Is Likely Leaving Money on the Table. Here's What We See.

Written by Uri Bar-Joseph | Jun 8, 2026, 7:30:27 PM

When a new client brings Formations their previous year’s tax return, our tax experts review it as part of the onboarding process. We are not re-filing or auditing. We are looking for patterns. After thousands of reviews, the same issues keep surfacing, and most of them cost the filer money.

Some are true compliance problems, meaning the return is technically wrong or the S-Corp is operating outside IRS guidelines. Others are legitimate deductions that got left on the table. The first category carries real risk. The second category is closer to money that was already earned and simply never claimed.

Here is what we see most often.

Existing S-Corps running out of compliance

This is the most common issue our experts we find, and it also has the greatest downside if left unaddressed. An S-Corp is a tax election, not a static structure. It has ongoing requirements that most owners are not actively tracking between tax seasons.

Everything in this section sits on the business return, Form 1120-S, and on how the S-Corp is run between filings.

The compliance gaps we see most often:

 

  • Unreasonable compensation. The owner is paying themselves very little through payroll (or nothing at all) and withdrawing most of their income as distributions. The IRS requires S-Corp shareholder-employees to receive reasonable compensation for the work they actually do. Getting this wrong is one of the top audit triggers for S-Corps.
  • No payroll system in place. If the business made S-Corp money during the year but the owner never ran a formal payroll, the W-2 requirement was not met, and the return does not reflect the right wage-to-distribution split.
  • Personal and business expenses commingled. Personal purchases run through the business account, or business expenses paid from personal cards, with no reimbursement process. This muddies the books and weakens the corporate veil if the structure is ever challenged.
  • Missing or inconsistent shareholder basis tracking. Owners take distributions without realizing they have drawn down their basis. In some cases, distributions have exceeded basis in prior years and should have been treated as taxable gains on the return.
  • Missed or misfiled forms. Late Form 2553 elections, missing 1099s for contractors paid over the threshold, or business income reported on the wrong schedule (Schedule C instead of Form 1120-S, for example).
  • Expired or unrenewed state registrations or professional certifications. Self-managed S-Corp owners do not always maintain the underlying LLC properly. We regularly find lapsed state registrations or a professional certification that was never renewed, which can put the entity's good standing, and the S-Corp election that rides on it, at risk.

 

Any one of these on its own can be corrected with planning. What makes them serious is that they tend to travel together. An owner who pays themselves zero salary often also has no payroll system and no basis tracking, which means the return compounds the same set of problems year over year.

The Top 5 Commonly missed deductions that show up in review

These are different from the compliance issues above, and they live on a different return. Those sit on the business return (Form 1120-S). The misses below show up on the personal return (Form 1040), either as itemized deductions on Schedule A or, for filers who operated as a sole proprietor before electing S-Corp, on Schedule C. Nothing about the return is technically wrong. The numbers just do not include deductions the filer was legally entitled to take. That is money the IRS was never going to hand back unless the filer asked for it. Five come up again and again.

Charitable contributions

This is one of the most frequently missed deductions, especially for filers who give throughout the year rather than making a single year-end gift. Recurring monthly donations, one-off cash gifts, and non-cash contributions like donated goods, clothing, or equipment all count, but only if they are documented. When receipts are scattered across email inboxes and paper records, people default to skipping the deduction entirely rather than trying to reconstruct it at tax time.

Insurance premiums

Self-employed filers often pay for insurance out of pocket and never categorize it as business-related. Health insurance premiums paid for the owner, spouse, and dependents can be deductible for qualifying self-employed filers. Other policies tied directly to the work, like professional liability, business interruption, or disability coverage structured around the business, can also qualify. The common mistake is treating every insurance payment as a personal expense by default.

Medical expenses above the AGI threshold

Most filers assume medical expenses are not deductible, and for most years that is effectively true. Once total qualifying out-of-pocket medical expenses exceed 7.5% of adjusted gross income, though, the portion above the threshold can be itemized. In years with a major surgery, ongoing specialist care, fertility treatment, or a significant dental event, the threshold is easier to hit than people realize. We see these expenses omitted because the filer never ran the math.

Mileage and vehicle expenses

Self-employed filers who use a personal vehicle for work are the largest group we see leaving deductions unclaimed. The usual pattern is one of two things. Either mileage was never tracked, so there is no defensible number at tax time, or business driving was tracked inconsistently, and the filer took a conservative guess that underrepresented actual use. Between client meetings, site visits, supply runs, and travel to coworking or office space, real business-use mileage is usually higher than the filer estimates.

Home office deduction

The home office deduction is still commonly missed, most often because filers are nervous about taking it or assume it does not apply if they rent. Neither concern is accurate on its own. When a portion of the home is used regularly and exclusively for business, the deduction is legitimate, whether the filer rents or owns. The simplified method calculates it at $5 per square foot up to 300 square feet, which makes documentation straightforward. Filers who skip it often miss out on $1,500 or more in deduction value each year.

The structural gap behind the misses

The deductions and compliance issues above are not obscure. Most are covered in basic tax literature. What they have in common is that they require either year-round documentation or an ongoing management process, and most self-employed filers are set up for neither.

 

A few patterns drive the misses:

  • Tax prep is treated as a single event in March or April. Once the year is closed, it is too late to rebuild a mileage log or pull apart commingled accounts.
  • The preparer works with what they are handed. Most preparers do not chase down deductions the filer did not mention. If charitable contributions are not on the list, they are not going on the return.
  • There is no year-round strategy function. Tax preparation is a backward-looking compliance task. Tax strategy is a forward-looking planning activity. Most self-employed filers only have the first.

 

S-Corp compliance drifts for similar reasons. The election is made once, then nothing formal happens between filings. Payroll, basis tracking, reasonable compensation reviews, and separation of personal and business spending all need ongoing attention, not a yearly rush.

The setup that makes these issues disappear

Every issue covered comes back to the same root cause. Tax preparation alone cannot catch them. By the time a preparer sees the numbers in March, the year is already closed, and the documentation either exists or it does not.

The filers who consistently avoid these issues are not more disciplined or more tax-savvy. They have a team working on their books, payroll, and strategy throughout the year, not just at filing time.

That is what Formations does. Our team handles S-Corp compliance, strategy, and return preparation that actually reflects what you are entitled to claim. Formations clients save an average of $14,801 per year because nothing slips through the cracks.